Newfoundland's Inuttitut/Inuktitut name is Ikkarumikluak ( ᐃᒃᑲᕈᒥᒃᓗᐊᒃ), meaning "place of many shoals". Labrador's name in the Inuttitut/ Inuktitut language (spoken in Nunatsiavut) is Nunatsuak ( ᓄᓇᑦᓱᐊᒃ), meaning "the big land" (a common English nickname for Labrador ). The influence of early Portuguese exploration is also reflected in the name of Labrador, which derives from the surname of the Portuguese navigator João Fernandes Lavrador. The name "Terra Nova" is in wide use on the island (e.g.
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In Portuguese, it is Terra Nova (while the province's full name is Terra Nova e Labrador), which literally means "new land" and is also the French name for the province's island region ( Terre-Neuve). The name "New founde lande" was uttered by King Henry VII about the land explored by Sebastian and John Cabot. On December 6, 2001, the Constitution of Canada was amended to change the province's name to "Newfoundland and Labrador". On March 31, 1949, it became the 10th and newest province to join the Canadian Confederation as "Newfoundland". This followed the suffering caused by the Great Depression and Newfoundland's participation in World War I. In 1933 the House of Assembly of the self-governing dominion voted to dissolve itself and to hand over administration of Newfoundland and Labrador to the British-appointed Commission of Government. Until 1949, the Dominion of Newfoundland was a separate dominion in the British Empire.
John's is the seat of the House of Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador as well as the jurisdiction's highest court, the Newfoundland and Labrador Court of Appeal. John's, the capital and largest city of Newfoundland and Labrador, is Canada's 22nd-largest census metropolitan area and it is home to about 40% of the province's population. A majority of the population is descended from English and Irish settlers, giving Newfoundland its reputation as "the most Irish place outside Ireland." Labrador borders the province of Quebec, and the French overseas collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon lies about 20 km (12 mi) west of the Burin Peninsula.Īccording to the 2016 census, 97.0 per cent of residents reported English as their native language, making Newfoundland and Labrador Canada's most linguistically homogeneous province. The island of Newfoundland (and its smaller neighbouring islands) is home to around 94 per cent of the province's population, with more than half residing in the Avalon Peninsula. In 2023, the population of Newfoundland and Labrador was estimated to be 533,710. The province comprises the island of Newfoundland and the continental region of Labrador, having a total size of 405,212 square kilometres (156,500 sq mi). ˈ l æ b r ə d ɔːr/ French: Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador frequently abbreviated as NL) is the easternmost province of Canada, in the country's Atlantic region. Newfoundland and Labrador ( / nj uː f ən ˈ l æ n d. Rankings include all provinces and territories
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